76 research outputs found
Thermal stability study of nitrogen functionalities in a graphene network
Catalyst-free vertically aligned graphene nanoflakes possessing a large
amount of high density edge planes were functionalized using nitrogen species
in a low energy N+ ion bombardment process to achieve pyridinic, cyanide and
nitrogen substitution in hexagonal graphitic coordinated units. The evolution
of the electronic structure of the functionalized graphene nanoflakes over the
temperature range 20-800^{\circ}C was investigated in situ, using high
resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. We demonstrate that low energy
irradiation is a useful tool for achieving nitrogen doping levels up to 9.6
at.%. Pyridinic configurations are found to be predominant at room temperature,
while at 800^{\circ}C graphitic nitrogen configurations become the dominant
ones. The findings have helped to provide an understanding of the thermal
stability of nitrogen functionalities in graphene, and offer prospects for
controllable tuning of nitrogen doping in device applications.Comment: Corresponding author: [email protected]
Sensitive Chronocoulometric Detection of miRNA at Screen printed Electrodes modified by gold decorated MoS2 Nanosheets
Here a new chronocoulometric sensor, based on semiconducting 2H MoS2
nanosheets decorated with a controlled density of monodispersed small gold
nanoparticles, was fabricated via electrodeposition, for the highly sensitive
detection of miRNA-21. The size and interparticle spacing of AuNPs was
optimized by controlling nucleation and growth rates through tuning of
deposition-potential and Au-precursor concentration and by getting simultaneous
feedback from morphological and electrochemical activity studies. The sensing
strategy, involved the selective immobilization of thiolated capture probe DNA
(CP) at AuNPs and hybridization of CP to a part of miRNA target, whereas the
remaining part of the target was complementary to a signaling non-labelled DNA
sequence. Chronocoulometry provided precise quantification of nucleic acids at
each step of the sensor assay by interrogating [Ru(NH3)6]3+ electrostatically
bound to phosphate backbones of oligonucleotides. A detailed and systematic
optimization study demonstrated that the thinnest and smallest MoS2 NSs
improved the sensitivity of the AuNP@MoS2 sensor achieving an impressive
detection limit of 100 aM, which is 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of
bare Au electrode and also enhanced the DNA-miRNA hybridization efficiency by
25%. Such improved performance can be attributed to the controlled packing
density of CPs achieved by their self -assembly on AuNPs, large interparticle
density, small size and the intimate coupling between AuNPs and MoS2. Alongside
the outstanding sensitivity, the sensor exhibited excellent selectivity down to
femtomolar concentrations, for discriminating complementary miRNA-21 target in
a complex system composed of different foreign targets including mismatched and
non-complementary miRNA-155. These advantages make our sensor a promising
contender in the point of care miRNA sensor family for medical diagnostics.Comment: Pagona Papakonstantinou corresponding author
([email protected]
Anomalous blueshift in emission spectra of ZnO nanorods with sizes beyond quantum confinement regime
[[abstract]]Cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy has been employed to study the electronic and optical properties of well-aligned ZnO nanorods with diameters ranging from 50âtoâ180ânm. Single-nanorod CL studies reveal that the emission peak moves toward higher energy as the diameter of the ZnO nanorod decreases, despite that their sizes are far beyond the quantum confinement regime. Blueshift of several tens of meV in the CL peak of these nanorods has been observed. Moreover, this anomalous energy shift shows a linear relation with the inverse of the rod diameter. Possible existence of a surface resonance band is suggested and an empirical formula for this surface effect is proposed to explain the size dependence of the CL data.[[notice]]補正完畢[[countrycodes]]US
Unusual Structure and Magnetism in MnO Nanoclusters
We report an unusual evolution of structure and magnetism in stoichiometric
MnO clusters based on an extensive and unbiased search through the potential
energy surface within density functional theory. The smaller clusters,
containing up to five MnO units, adopt two-dimensional structures; and
regardless of the size of the cluster, magnetic coupling is found to be
antiferromagnetic in contrast to previous theoretical findings. Predicted
structure and magnetism are strikingly different from the magnetic core of
Mn-based molecular magnets, whereas they were previously argued to be similar.
Both of these features are explained through the inherent electronic structures
of the clusters.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Organic Solvent Based Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticle - Semiconducting 2H-MoS2 Hybrid Nanosheets
The development of simple, versatile strategies for the synthesis of gold
nanoparticles (AuNPs) on semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC)
layers is of increasing scientific and technological interest in
photocatalysis, optical sensing, and optoelectronics sectors, but challenges
exist on the nucleation and hybridization of AuNPs with the TMDC basal plane.
At present, the widely used aqueous solution approaches suffer from poor
dispersion of produced hybrids as well as from limited growth and coverage of
the AuNPs on the TMDC semiconducting plane, since Au nanoclusters nucleate
preferentially at the electron rich defect edges, which act as reducing agents
and not on the defect free basal plane. Here, we report for the first time, the
controlled synthesis of AuNPs on the basal plane of semiconducting molybdenum
disulfide nanosheets (2H-MoS2 NSs) via a N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)-based
hot-injection synthesis route. This organic solvent-based synthesis route
eliminates problems of poor dispersion of AuNPs@2H-MoS2 NS hybrids, whereas at
the same time maintains the semiconducting crystalline quality of the pristine
2H-MoS2 NSs. In addition, the study establishes the important role of trisodium
citrate, on enhancing the nucleation and improving the hybridization of AuNPs
on 2H-MoS2 NSs as evidenced by the induced p-type doping. This organic solvent
synthesis approach can be adopted for other hybrid systems opening the way for
controlled hybridization of semiconducting layers with metal nanoparticles.Comment: corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] accepted
at The Journal of Physical Chemistry
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